
Treatments
Parkinson's disease: deep brain stimulation (DBS)
What DBS really improves, what it cannot stop and how hardware drives price.
Deep brain stimulation is a transformative therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease patients with severe motor fluctuations and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. It is not a treatment for early stages or for every patient: selection is the decisive factor in outcome.
The procedure implants microelectrodes in the subthalamic nucleus or internal globus pallidus, connected to a pulse generator placed under the collarbone. The circuit inhibits pathological signalling and markedly reverses tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia, restoring years of functional mobility and substantially reducing medication.
The limits must be clear: DBS does not halt underlying neurodegeneration nor improve symptoms that do not respond to levodopa, such as advanced postural instability or cognitive decline. The procedure carries a 1-2% risk of intracerebral haemorrhage during electrode placement, plus possible device infection and stimulator side effects adjusted in successive programming sessions.
Tertiary institutions in Germany, Turkey and India have accumulated vast experience in DBS electrode implantation. The cost, EUR 20,000 to 45,000, largely depends on the chosen hardware: directional leads and rechargeable batteries raise the price but reduce future replacements. Stays run from ten to fourteen days.
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